Meng-Kai Huang, MD; Tzong-Luen Wang, MD, PhD

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Abstract -- Emergency physicians often encounter poisoned patients exposed to agents, intentionally or unintensionally, with known or unknown nature. The exposure may be iatrogenic (drugs interaction) or non-iatrogenic. The scenarios range from industrial disaster, occupational exposure, recreational mishap, natural catastrophe, chemical warfare, and acts of terrorism. We review papers of toxidromes regarding to clinical presentation, physical examination findings, and laboratory finding to aid emergency physicians differentiating commonly encounterd poisons. Nevertheless, evidence-based approaches and clinical trials are limited. Current management is mostly based on expert-consensus from previous tragic experiences. In this review article, current accepted management for common poisonings also are introduced.